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Albert Smith, Gray Ward, and Joseph Rosenshein
A college teacher's verbal behavior can be measured. Types of classroom interaction can be tallied and analyzed, either by an observer in the classroom or by viewing and listening to video tapes. Observational systems such as Flanders' Interaction Analysis Categories (FIAC) and the Florida Taxonomy of Cognitive Behavior (FTCB) can be used for verbal ratings. Teacher behavior can also be modified. When the teacher selects his own instructional goals or strategy, teaches, and then receives feedback on his performance, that performance can be modified or changed in future sessions. These are our conclusions based upon an experiment with videotaping and classroom verbal rating systems to induce more "higher level" questioning by instructors in introductory physics laboratories.
American Journal of Physics: Volume 45, Issue 1, Pages 83-87
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<a href="https://www.compadre.org/portal/items/detail.cfm?ID=2904">Smith, A, G. Ward, and J. Rosenshein. "Improving instruction by measuring teacher discussion skills." Am. J. Phys. 45, no. 1, (January 1, 1977): 83-87.</a>
AIP Format
A. Smith, G. Ward, and J. Rosenshein, , Am. J. Phys. 45 (1), 83 (1977), WWW Document, (https://doi.org/10.1119/1.10916).
AJP/PRST-PER
A. Smith, G. Ward, and J. Rosenshein, Improving instruction by measuring teacher discussion skills, Am. J. Phys. 45 (1), 83 (1977), <https://doi.org/10.1119/1.10916>.
APA Format
Smith, A., Ward, G., & Rosenshein, J. (1977, January 1). Improving instruction by measuring teacher discussion skills. Am. J. Phys., 45(1), 83-87. Retrieved May 2, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.1119/1.10916
Chicago Format
Smith, A, G. Ward, and J. Rosenshein. "Improving instruction by measuring teacher discussion skills." Am. J. Phys. 45, no. 1, (January 1, 1977): 83-87, https://doi.org/10.1119/1.10916 (accessed 2 May 2025).
MLA Format
Smith, Albert, Gray Ward, and Joseph Rosenshein. "Improving instruction by measuring teacher discussion skills." Am. J. Phys. 45.1 (1977): 83-87. 2 May 2025 <https://doi.org/10.1119/1.10916>.
BibTeX Export Format
@article{
Author = "Albert Smith and Gray Ward and Joseph Rosenshein",
Title = {Improving instruction by measuring teacher discussion skills},
Journal = {Am. J. Phys.},
Volume = {45},
Number = {1},
Pages = {83-87},
Month = {January},
Year = {1977}
}
Refer Export Format
%A Albert Smith %A Gray Ward %A Joseph Rosenshein %T Improving instruction by measuring teacher discussion skills %J Am. J. Phys. %V 45 %N 1 %D January 1, 1977 %P 83-87 %U https://doi.org/10.1119/1.10916 %O text/html
EndNote Export Format
%0 Journal Article %A Smith, Albert %A Ward, Gray %A Rosenshein, Joseph %D January 1, 1977 %T Improving instruction by measuring teacher discussion skills %J Am. J. Phys. %V 45 %N 1 %P 83-87 %8 January 1, 1977 %U https://doi.org/10.1119/1.10916 Disclaimer: ComPADRE offers citation styles as a guide only. We cannot offer interpretations about citations as this is an automated procedure. Please refer to the style manuals in the Citation Source Information area for clarifications.
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The AIP Style presented is based on information from the AIP Style Manual. The APA Style presented is based on information from APA Style.org: Electronic References. The Chicago Style presented is based on information from Examples of Chicago-Style Documentation. The MLA Style presented is based on information from the MLA FAQ. |
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