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How to use a candle to study sound waves
written by
Paulo Carvalho, Marcelo Rodrigues, Carla Pereira, Margarida Ataíde, and Edite Briosa
The paper "How to use a candle to study sound waves" makes use of video recording at 220 frames/s, and video analysis with Tracker to "see" the effect of air particles in motion and to conclude that infrasound waves, just like audible sound waves, are periodic. One can observe that the air particles' displacement is longitudinal, and therefore conclude that sound is a longitudinal wave. This paper also shows the inverse relationship concerning the amplitude of the flame's displacement and the distance between the flame and the loudspeaker. The experimental setup can be used to explore sound waves in a classroom in an original and engaging way.
The Physics Teacher: Volume 51, Issue 7, Pages 398-399
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Record Link
<a href="https://www.compadre.org/portal/items/detail.cfm?ID=13020">Carvalho, P, M. Rodrigues, C. Pereira, M. Ataíde, and E. Briosa. "How to use a candle to study sound waves." Phys. Teach. 51, no. 7, (October 1, 2013): 398-399.</a>
AIP Format
P. Carvalho, M. Rodrigues, C. Pereira, M. Ataíde, and E. Briosa, , Phys. Teach. 51 (7), 398 (2013), WWW Document, (https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=13020&DocID=3586).
AJP/PRST-PER
P. Carvalho, M. Rodrigues, C. Pereira, M. Ataíde, and E. Briosa, How to use a candle to study sound waves, Phys. Teach. 51 (7), 398 (2013), <https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=13020&DocID=3586>.
APA Format
Carvalho, P., Rodrigues, M., Pereira, C., Ataíde, M., & Briosa, E. (2013, October 1). How to use a candle to study sound waves. Phys. Teach., 51(7), 398-399. Retrieved May 1, 2025, from https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=13020&DocID=3586
Chicago Format
Carvalho, P, M. Rodrigues, C. Pereira, M. Ataíde, and E. Briosa. "How to use a candle to study sound waves." Phys. Teach. 51, no. 7, (October 1, 2013): 398-399, https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=13020&DocID=3586 (accessed 1 May 2025).
MLA Format
Carvalho, Paulo, Marcelo Rodrigues, Carla Pereira, Margarida Ataíde, and Edite Briosa. "How to use a candle to study sound waves." Phys. Teach. 51.7 (2013): 398-399. 1 May 2025 <https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=13020&DocID=3586>.
BibTeX Export Format
@article{
Author = "Paulo Carvalho and Marcelo Rodrigues and Carla Pereira and Margarida Ataíde and Edite Briosa",
Title = {How to use a candle to study sound waves},
Journal = {Phys. Teach.},
Volume = {51},
Number = {7},
Pages = {398-399},
Month = {October},
Year = {2013}
}
Refer Export Format
%A Paulo Carvalho %A Marcelo Rodrigues %A Carla Pereira %A Margarida Ataíde %A Edite Briosa %T How to use a candle to study sound waves %J Phys. Teach. %V 51 %N 7 %D October 1, 2013 %P 398-399 %U https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=13020&DocID=3586 %O application/pdf
EndNote Export Format
%0 Journal Article %A Carvalho, Paulo %A Rodrigues, Marcelo %A Pereira, Carla %A Ataíde, Margarida %A Briosa, Edite %D October 1, 2013 %T How to use a candle to study sound waves %J Phys. Teach. %V 51 %N 7 %P 398-399 %8 October 1, 2013 %@ 0031-921X %U https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=13020&DocID=3586 Disclaimer: ComPADRE offers citation styles as a guide only. We cannot offer interpretations about citations as this is an automated procedure. Please refer to the style manuals in the Citation Source Information area for clarifications.
Citation Source Information
The AIP Style presented is based on information from the AIP Style Manual. The APA Style presented is based on information from APA Style.org: Electronic References. The Chicago Style presented is based on information from Examples of Chicago-Style Documentation. The MLA Style presented is based on information from the MLA FAQ. |
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