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Edward F. Redish
An important step in learning to use math in science is learning to see symbolic equations not just as calculational tools, but as ways of expressing fundamental relationships among physical quantities, of coding conceptual information, and of organizing physics knowledge structures. Introductory physics can be of special value to students in other disciplines because we can introduce mechanistic thinking and synthesis in simpler situations than can biology, chemistry, Earth science, or even engineering. We can show that mechanistic model building and synthesis are often tied together by powerful equations, so students can learn the value of mathematics, not as something to be memorized, but as something to support complex reasoning, analysis, and powerful descriptions of physical systems. This paper by noted physics education researcher E.F. Redish proposes and explores "anchor equations" as a construct to support teaching and learning in introductory physics. The author defines, describes, and gives multiple examples of anchor equations and how they can be used to support development of students' mathematical sense-making.
NOTE: This resource, highly recommended by the Physics Front editors, has been made temporarily available by the author and publisher for free access.
The Physics Teacher: Volume 59, Issue 8, Pages 599-604
Editor's Note: See Related Materials for links to the five additional articles that comprise this series. They consist of a Collection Overview plus articles covering the topics of dimensional analysis, estimation, toy models, and functional dependence.
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![]() <a href="https://www.compadre.org/precollege/items/detail.cfm?ID=16484">Redish, Edward F.. "Using Math in Physics: 3. Anchor equations." Phys. Teach. 59, no. 8, (October 27, 2021): 599-604.</a>
![]() E. Redish, , Phys. Teach. 59 (8), 599 (2021), WWW Document, (https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0023066).
![]() E. Redish, Using Math in Physics: 3. Anchor equations, Phys. Teach. 59 (8), 599 (2021), <https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0023066>.
![]() Redish, E. (2021, October 27). Using Math in Physics: 3. Anchor equations. Phys. Teach., 59(8), 599-604. Retrieved March 19, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0023066
![]() Redish, Edward F.. "Using Math in Physics: 3. Anchor equations." Phys. Teach. 59, no. 8, (October 27, 2021): 599-604, https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0023066 (accessed 19 March 2025).
![]() Redish, Edward F.. "Using Math in Physics: 3. Anchor equations." Phys. Teach. 59.8 (2021): 599-604. 19 Mar. 2025 <https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0023066>.
![]() @article{
Author = "Edward F. Redish",
Title = {Using Math in Physics: 3. Anchor equations},
Journal = {Phys. Teach.},
Volume = {59},
Number = {8},
Pages = {599-604},
Month = {October},
Year = {2021}
}
![]() %A Edward F. Redish %T Using Math in Physics: 3. Anchor equations %J Phys. Teach. %V 59 %N 8 %D October 27, 2021 %P 599-604 %U https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0023066 %O application/pdf ![]() %0 Journal Article %A Redish, Edward F. %D October 27, 2021 %T Using Math in Physics: 3. Anchor equations %J Phys. Teach. %V 59 %N 8 %P 599-604 %8 October 27, 2021 %U https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0023066 Disclaimer: ComPADRE offers citation styles as a guide only. We cannot offer interpretations about citations as this is an automated procedure. Please refer to the style manuals in the Citation Source Information area for clarifications.
Citation Source Information
The AIP Style presented is based on information from the AIP Style Manual. The APA Style presented is based on information from APA Style.org: Electronic References. The Chicago Style presented is based on information from Examples of Chicago-Style Documentation. The MLA Style presented is based on information from the MLA FAQ. Using Math in Physics: 3. Anchor equations:
Accompanies
Using Math in Physics: Overview
A link to the overview article by E.F. Redish that explains how all six items in this collection are related to the topic, "Using Math in Physics". relation by Caroline Hall
Accompanies
Using Math in Physics: 1. Dimensional Analysis
A link to the first in this series of six articles, "Using Math in Physics 1: Dimensional Analysis". relation by Caroline Hall
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Using Math in Physics: 6. Reading the physics in a graph
A link to the sixth in this series of six articles: "Using Math in Physics 6: Reading the physics in a graph". relation by Sam McKagan
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Using Math in Physics: 2. Estimation
A link to the second in this series of six articles: "Using Math in Physics 2: Estimation". relation by Caroline Hall
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Using Math in Physics: 5. Functional dependence
A link to the fifth in this series of six articles, "Using Math in Physics 5: Functional Dependence". relation by Caroline HallKnow of another related resource? Login to relate this resource to it. |
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