Perhaps the most commonly cited student idea about forces in the literature is the notion of an impetus force, defined as the "belief that there is a force inside a moving object that keeps it going and causes it to have some speed," that can then "fade away as the object moves along." According to the literature, even after physics instruction students use impetus force reasoning to argue that forces are necessary to sustain motion or that motion implies force. For example, many students drew an upward arrow to indicate a force on a coin that was moving upward after being tossed. The coin was halfway between the point of its release and its turnaround point. Interviews with students in the course indicate that the arrow was meant to indicate "the 'force of the throw,' the 'upward original force,'" and so on. Clement interprets these results to mean that students "believe that continuing motion implies the presence of a continuing force in the same direction, as a necessary cause of the motion." We analyzed student responses to these three questions, from students enrolled in introductory physics courses at six different U.S. universities, Universities A through F. Six hundred forty-four students answered the modified coin toss question, 214 the curved tubes question, and 429 the pendulum question after relevant instruction about forces and motion. Results indicate that the frequency of impetus-like drawings in our study both (a) is consistently less than reported in previous studies and (b) varies across samples.
The Physics Teacher: Volume 60, Issue 4, Pages 254-257
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<a href="https://www.compadre.org/portal/items/detail.cfm?ID=16463">Robertson, A, L. Goodhew, P. Heron, and R. Scherr. "Impetus-Force-Like Drawings May Be Less Common Than You Think." Phys. Teach. 60, no. 4, (March 25, 2022): 254-257.</a>
AIP Format
A. Robertson, L. Goodhew, P. Heron, and R. Scherr, , Phys. Teach. 60 (4), 254 (2022), WWW Document, (https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0027858).
AJP/PRST-PER
A. Robertson, L. Goodhew, P. Heron, and R. Scherr, Impetus-Force-Like Drawings May Be Less Common Than You Think, Phys. Teach. 60 (4), 254 (2022), <https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0027858>.
APA Format
Robertson, A., Goodhew, L., Heron, P., & Scherr, R. (2022, March 25). Impetus-Force-Like Drawings May Be Less Common Than You Think. Phys. Teach., 60(4), 254-257. Retrieved September 8, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0027858
Chicago Format
Robertson, A, L. Goodhew, P. Heron, and R. Scherr. "Impetus-Force-Like Drawings May Be Less Common Than You Think." Phys. Teach. 60, no. 4, (March 25, 2022): 254-257, https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0027858 (accessed 8 September 2024).
MLA Format
Robertson, Amy, Lisa M. Goodhew, Paula R. L. Heron, and Rachel Scherr. "Impetus-Force-Like Drawings May Be Less Common Than You Think." Phys. Teach. 60.4 (2022): 254-257. 8 Sep. 2024 <https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0027858>.
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@article{
Author = "Amy Robertson and Lisa M. Goodhew and Paula R. L. Heron and Rachel Scherr",
Title = {Impetus-Force-Like Drawings May Be Less Common Than You Think},
Journal = {Phys. Teach.},
Volume = {60},
Number = {4},
Pages = {254-257},
Month = {March},
Year = {2022}
}
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%A Amy Robertson %A Lisa M. Goodhew %A Paula R. L. Heron %A Rachel Scherr %T Impetus-Force-Like Drawings May Be Less Common Than You Think %J Phys. Teach. %V 60 %N 4 %D March 25, 2022 %P 254-257 %U https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0027858 %O text/html
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%0 Journal Article %A Robertson, Amy %A Goodhew, Lisa M. %A Heron, Paula R. L. %A Scherr, Rachel %D March 25, 2022 %T Impetus-Force-Like Drawings May Be Less Common Than You Think %J Phys. Teach. %V 60 %N 4 %P 254-257 %8 March 25, 2022 %U https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0027858 Disclaimer: ComPADRE offers citation styles as a guide only. We cannot offer interpretations about citations as this is an automated procedure. Please refer to the style manuals in the Citation Source Information area for clarifications.
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The AIP Style presented is based on information from the AIP Style Manual. The APA Style presented is based on information from APA Style.org: Electronic References. The Chicago Style presented is based on information from Examples of Chicago-Style Documentation. The MLA Style presented is based on information from the MLA FAQ. Impetus-Force-Like Drawings May Be Less Common Than You Think:
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