• Use a model to describe that animals' receive different types of information through their senses, process the information in their brain, and respond to the information in different ways. (4-LS1-2)

• Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. (MS-PS4-2)

• When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object's material and the frequency (color) of the light. (6-8)

• Different sense receptors are specialized for particular kinds of information, which may be then processed by the animal's brain. Animals are able to use their perceptions and memories to guide their actions. (4)
• Each sense receptor responds to different inputs (electromagnetic, mechanical, chemical), transmitting them as signals that travel along nerve cells to the brain. The signals are then processed in the brain, resulting in immediate behaviors or memories. (6-8)

• Macroscopic patterns are related to the nature of microscopic and atomic-level structure. (6-8)

• Complex and microscopic structures and systems can be visualized, modeled, and used to describe how their function depends on the relationships among its parts, therefore complex natural structures/systems can be analyzed to determine how they function. (6-8)

A great Java-based activity to help middle schoolers understand how the three primary colors of light (red, green, and blue) combine to produce multiple colors.  In one simulation, students can adjust the intensity of each color.  In the second, they can add filters to see what happens to the resulting color.  The PhET team created an excellent lesson to go with this simulation.  Find it directly below.

• Physical Sciences K-8 Visible Light and Color Unit
• Physics First Visible Light and Color Unit

Interactive Simulation                                                                 Grades 9-12
How do the primary colors of light combine to produce the vast array of colors we perceive?  In this simple, yet elegant simulation, students control three monochromatic lights of varied intensity to produce multiple colors.  They can also add filters and see what colors pass through to the eyes.  The PhET team created a companion assessment/worksheet to go with this simulation.  Find it directly below.

• Conceptual Physics Visible Light and Color Unit
• Algebra-Based Physics Visible Light and Color Unit
• AP/Calculus-Based Physics Visible Light and Color Unit