• 6-8: 4D/M1a. All matter is made up of atoms, which are far too small to see directly through a microscope.
• 6-8: 4D/M1b. The atoms of any element are like other atoms of the same element, but are different from the atoms of other elements.
• 6-8: 4D/M5. Chemical elements are those substances that do not break down during normal laboratory reactions involving such treatments as heating, exposure to electric current, or reaction with acids. All substances from living and nonliving things can be broken down to a set of about 100 elements, but since most elements tend to combine with others, few elements are found in their pure form.
• 6-8: 4D/M6a. There are groups of elements that have similar properties, including highly reactive metals, less-reactive metals, highly reactive nonmetals (such as chlorine, fluorine, and oxygen), and some almost completely nonreactive gases (such as helium and neon).
• 6-8: 4D/M11. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways with other substances to form new substances with different characteristic properties.
• 6-8: 4D/M13. The idea of atoms explains chemical reactions: When substances interact to form new substances, the atoms that make up the molecules of the original substances combine in new ways.

• 6-8: 11B/M1. Models are often used to think about processes that happen too slowly, too quickly, or on too small a scale to observe directly. They are also used for processes that are too vast, too complex, or too dangerous to study.

• 6-8: 11D/M3. Natural phenomena often involve sizes, durations, and speeds that are extremely small or extremely large. These phenomena may be difficult to appreciate because they involve magnitudes far outside human experience.

This multimedia lesson explores models for understanding the arrangement of electrons on energy levels around an atom. It opens with an animated model of energy levels in an oxygen atom. Next, download and print "Element Game Cards", a cooperative activity where learners place a card with its correct atom and practice with Lewis dot diagrams. Day 2 features guided instruction for finding patterns in rows/columns of the first 20 elements. The lesson concludes with 4 related videos.

• Physical Sciences K-8 The Standard Model Unit
• Physics First The Standard Model Unit

This multimedia lesson explores models for understanding the arrangement of electrons on energy levels around an atom. It opens with an animated model of energy levels in an oxygen atom. Next, download and print "Element Game Cards", a cooperative activity where learners place a card with its correct atom and practice with Lewis dot diagrams. Day 2 features guided instruction for finding patterns in rows/columns of the first 20 elements. The lesson concludes with 4 related videos.

• Physical Sciences K-8 Elements and the Periodic Table Unit
• Physics First Elements and the Periodic Table Unit