APS Excellence in Physics Education Award
November 2019
Science SPORE Prize
November 2011
The Open Source Physics Project is supported by NSF DUE-0442581.
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How to use a candle to study sound waves Documents
This material has 3 associated documents. Select a document title to view a document's information.
Main Document
written by
Paulo Carvalho, Marcelo Rodrigues, Carla Pereira, Margarida Ataíde, and Edite Briosa
The paper "How to use a candle to study sound waves" makes use of video recording at 220 frames/s, and video analysis with Tracker to "see" the effect of air particles in motion and to conclude that infrasound waves, just like audible sound waves, are periodic. One can observe that the air particles' displacement is longitudinal, and therefore conclude that sound is a longitudinal wave. This paper also shows the inverse relationship concerning the amplitude of the flame's displacement and the distance between the flame and the loudspeaker. The experimental setup can be used to explore sound waves in a classroom in an original and engaging way.
Last Modified September 23, 2013
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Supplemental Documents (2)
The Candle Sound Wave Tracker archive with a *.trk data file and a video clip. Open this zip file from within Tracker.
Last Modified April 27, 2023
 This file has previous versions.
Video used in cancle study.
Last Modified April 20, 2023
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How to use a candle to study sound waves
