Six Ways to Discourage Learning

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written by Douglas Duncan and Amy Singel Southon

This report lists six common teacher behaviors that should be avoided in the classroom.

https://casa.colorado.edu/~dduncan/teachingseminar/6ways2.pdf

Subjects	Levels	Resource Types
Astronomy - Astronomy Education Education Practices - Classroom Management	- Professional Development - High School - Lower Undergraduate	- Instructional Material = Best practice

Intended Users	Formats	Ratings
- Educators	- text/html	Currently 0.0/5 Want to rate this material? Login here!

Access Rights:: Free access
Restriction:: © 2004 American Astronomical Society
Record Creator:: Metadata instance created September 17, 2004 by Carrie Gouskos
Record Updated:: August 20, 2020 by Lyle Barbato
Other Collections:: The Physics Front

The Physics TA Library

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<a href="https://www.compadre.org/astronomy/items/detail.cfm?ID=1929">Duncan, Douglas, and Amy Southon. Six Ways to Discourage Learning. 2004.</a>

AIP Format

D. Duncan and A. Southon, (2004), WWW Document, (https://casa.colorado.edu/~dduncan/teachingseminar/6ways2.pdf).

AJP/PRST-PER

D. Duncan and A. Southon, Six Ways to Discourage Learning (2004), <https://casa.colorado.edu/~dduncan/teachingseminar/6ways2.pdf>.

APA Format

Duncan, D., & Southon, A. (2004). Six Ways to Discourage Learning. Retrieved June 13, 2025, from https://casa.colorado.edu/~dduncan/teachingseminar/6ways2.pdf

Chicago Format

Duncan, Douglas, and Amy Southon. Six Ways to Discourage Learning. 2004. https://casa.colorado.edu/~dduncan/teachingseminar/6ways2.pdf (accessed 13 June 2025).

MLA Format

Duncan, Douglas, and Amy Southon. Six Ways to Discourage Learning. 2004. 13 June 2025 <https://casa.colorado.edu/~dduncan/teachingseminar/6ways2.pdf>.

BibTeX Export Format

@misc{ Author = "Douglas Duncan and Amy Southon", Title = {Six Ways to Discourage Learning}, Volume = {2025}, Number = {13 June 2025}, Year = {2004} }

Refer Export Format

%A Douglas Duncan %A Amy Southon %T Six Ways to Discourage Learning %D 2004 %U https://casa.colorado.edu/~dduncan/teachingseminar/6ways2.pdf %O text/html

EndNote Export Format

%0 Electronic Source %A Duncan, Douglas %A Southon, Amy %D 2004 %T Six Ways to Discourage Learning %V 2025 %N 13 June 2025 %9 text/html %U https://casa.colorado.edu/~dduncan/teachingseminar/6ways2.pdf

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The AIP Style presented is based on information from the AIP Style Manual.

The APA Style presented is based on information from APA Style.org: Electronic References.

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