Historically MSUM was established as a normal school and is still regarded as a teacher education college. In fact, MSUM has a well regarded teacher education program.  The physics department is involved in pre-service and in-service teacher education.  Due to state requirements for teacher certification, students interested in teaching physics have a daunting schedule.  We have been active trying to find alternative pathways for certification as well as working to streamline course requirements. We do have a very active role in providing physical science content (and pedagogy) to elementary education majors.