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written by
Michael Davidson, Matthew J. Parry-Hill, Mortimer Abramowitz, Douglas B. Murphy, Kenneth R. Spring, Robert Sutter, and Thomas J. Fellers
published by the Olympus America, Inc. and the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
This item is a tutorial relating to birefringence, also known as double refraction of light. Birefringence occurs naturally in many transparent solids such as calcite crystals, but can also be created in optically isotropic materials. This tutorial contains an introduction to birefringence and links to several related interactive Java simulations. It is part of a larger collection of materials for students of introductory optics and microscopy developed by the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory.
Please note that this resource requires Java.
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Record Link
<a href="https://www.compadre.org/portal/items/detail.cfm?ID=6766">Davidson, M, M. Parry-Hill, M. Abramowitz, D. Murphy, K. Spring, R. Sutter, and T. Fellers. Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Optical Birefringence. Center Valley: Olympus America, Inc., August 1, 2003.</a>
AIP Format
M. Davidson, M. Parry-Hill, M. Abramowitz, D. Murphy, K. Spring, R. Sutter, and T. Fellers, (Olympus America, Inc., Center Valley, 1998), WWW Document, (https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/birefringencehome.html).
AJP/PRST-PER
M. Davidson, M. Parry-Hill, M. Abramowitz, D. Murphy, K. Spring, R. Sutter, and T. Fellers, Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Optical Birefringence (Olympus America, Inc., Center Valley, 1998), <https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/birefringencehome.html>.
APA Format
Davidson, M., Parry-Hill, M., Abramowitz, M., Murphy, D., Spring, K., Sutter, R., & Fellers, T. (2003, August 1). Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Optical Birefringence. Retrieved April 25, 2024, from Olympus America, Inc.: https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/birefringencehome.html
Chicago Format
Davidson, M, M. Parry-Hill, M. Abramowitz, D. Murphy, K. Spring, R. Sutter, and T. Fellers. Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Optical Birefringence. Center Valley: Olympus America, Inc., August 1, 2003. https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/birefringencehome.html (accessed 25 April 2024).
MLA Format
Davidson, Michael, Matthew J. Parry-Hill, Mortimer Abramowitz, Douglas B. Murphy, Kenneth R. Spring, Robert Sutter, and Thomas J. Fellers. Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Optical Birefringence. Center Valley: Olympus America, Inc., 1998. 1 Aug. 2003. 25 Apr. 2024 <https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/birefringencehome.html>.
BibTeX Export Format
@misc{
Author = "Michael Davidson and Matthew J. Parry-Hill and Mortimer Abramowitz and Douglas B. Murphy and Kenneth R. Spring and Robert Sutter and Thomas J. Fellers",
Title = {Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Optical Birefringence},
Publisher = {Olympus America, Inc.},
Volume = {2024},
Number = {25 April 2024},
Month = {August 1, 2003},
Year = {1998}
}
Refer Export Format
%A Michael Davidson %A Matthew J. Parry-Hill %A Mortimer Abramowitz %A Douglas B. Murphy %A Kenneth R. Spring %A Robert Sutter %A Thomas J. Fellers %T Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Optical Birefringence %D August 1, 2003 %I Olympus America, Inc. %C Center Valley %U https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/birefringencehome.html %O text/html
EndNote Export Format
%0 Electronic Source %A Davidson, Michael %A Parry-Hill, Matthew J. %A Abramowitz, Mortimer %A Murphy, Douglas B. %A Spring, Kenneth R. %A Sutter, Robert %A Fellers, Thomas J. %D August 1, 2003 %T Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Optical Birefringence %I Olympus America, Inc. %V 2024 %N 25 April 2024 %8 August 1, 2003 %9 text/html %U https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/birefringencehome.html Disclaimer: ComPADRE offers citation styles as a guide only. We cannot offer interpretations about citations as this is an automated procedure. Please refer to the style manuals in the Citation Source Information area for clarifications.
Citation Source Information
The AIP Style presented is based on information from the AIP Style Manual. The APA Style presented is based on information from APA Style.org: Electronic References. The Chicago Style presented is based on information from Examples of Chicago-Style Documentation. The MLA Style presented is based on information from the MLA FAQ. Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Optical Birefringence:
Contains
Molecular Expressions: Michel-Levy Birefringence Chart
This item is an interactive Java simulation depicting the Michel-Levy birefringence color chart. By clicking on the virtual chart, students can observe how birefringence, thickness of specimen, and path difference are correlated. relation by Bruce Mason
Is the Basis For
Molecular Expressions: Polarized Light Microscopy - Double Refraction (Birefringence) in Iceland Spar
This is an interactive Java simulation by the same authors on the topic of birefringence. It simulates light being passed through a crystal of calcite (Iceland Spar), which has strong birefringent properties. The user will see a double image from the refracted light rays. relation by Bruce Mason
Is the Basis For
Molecular Expressions: Polarized Light Microscopy - The Fresnel or Refractive Index Ellipsoid
This is an interactive Java simulation that depicts a 3-D ellipsoid that represents an optically positive birefringent crystal. Users can adjust the optic axis and refractive index to observe the dielectric properties in all directions. relation by Bruce Mason
Is the Basis For
Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer: Birefringence Variations with Crystal Orientation
This is an interactive Java simulation on the topic of birefringence. It explores how the orientation of a crystal's optical axis is related to divergence of orthogonal wave pathways through the crystal. relation by Bruce Mason
Is the Basis For
Molecular Expressions: Optical Microscopy Primer - Birefringence in Calcite Crystals
This is an interactive Java simulation that depicts a virtual calcite crystal superimposed over the word "Birefringence". By rotating the crystal and axis of the polarizer, users can see the image doubling effect caused by the crystal's birefringent properties. relation by Bruce MasonKnow of another related resource? Login to relate this resource to it. |
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Contains
Molecular Expressions: Michel-Levy Birefringence Chart Is the Basis ForMolecular Expressions: Polarized Light Microscopy - Double Refraction… Is the Basis ForMolecular Expressions: Polarized Light Microscopy - The Fresnel or Refractive… Similar Materials |
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